Inflammation of prostate.Encyclopedia Entry for Prostatitis :Prostatitis, bacterial(*) - most common : Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Serratia sp., (G- rods), Enterococcus feacalis (G+ coccus)Encyclopedia Entry for Prostatitis :Prostatitis - bacterial - self-care. If you have acute prostatitis, your symptoms started quickly. You may still feel ill, with fever, chills, and flushing (skin redness). It may hurt a lot when you urinate for the first few days. The fever and pain should begin improving over the first 36 hours. If you have chronic prostatitis, your symptoms are likely to begin slowly and be less severe. Symptoms will probably improve slowly over many weeks.It is likely you will have antibiotics to take home. Follow the directions on the bottle carefully. Take the antibiotics at the same time every day. For acute prostatitis, antibiotics are taken for 2 to 6 weeks. Chronic prostatitis is treated with antibiotics for 4 to 12 weeks or longer. Finish all the antibiotics, even if you start feeling better. It is harder for antibiotics to get into prostate tissue to treat the infection. Taking all of your antibiotics will reduce the chance of the condition returning. Antibiotics may cause side effects. These include nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, and other symptoms. Report these to your doctor. DO NOT just stop taking your pills.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, may help with pain or discomfort. Ask your doctor if you can take these. Warm baths may relieve some of your perineal and lower back pain. Avoid substances that irritate the bladder, such as alcohol, caffeinated beverages, citrus juices, and hot or spicy foods. Drink plenty of fluids, 64 or more ounces (2 or more liters) per day, if your doctor says this is OK. This helps flush bacteria from the bladder. It can also help prevent constipation. To reduce discomfort with bowel movements, you may also: Get some exercise every day. Start slowly and build up at least 30 minutes a day. Eat foods with high fiber , such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables. Try tool softeners or fiber supplements.See your health care provider for an exam after you finish taking antibiotics to make sure that the infection is gone. If you do not improve or you are having problems with your treatment, talk to your doctor sooner.Call your provider if: You are unable to pass urine at all, or it is very difficult to pass urine. Fever, chills, or pain do not begin to improve after 36 hours, or they are getting worse.McGowan CC, Krieger J. Prostatitis, epididymitis, and orchitis.Encyclopedia Entry for Prostatitis :Prostatitis - bacterial. Any bacteria that can cause a urinary tract infection can cause acute bacterial prostatitis. Infections spread through sexual contact can cause prostatitis. These include chlamydia and gonorrhea. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are more likely to occur from: Certain sexual practices, such as having anal sex without wearing a condom Having many sexual partners In men over age 35, E coli and other common bacteria most often cause prostatitis. This type of prostatitis may begin in the: Epididymis, a small tube that sits on top of the testes. Urethra, the tube that carries urine from your bladder and out through the penis. Acute prostatitis may also be caused by problems with the urethra or prostate, such as: Blockage that reduces or prevent the flow of urine out of the bladder Foreskin of the penis that cannot be pulled back (phimosis) Injury to the area between the scrotum and anus (perineum) Urinary catheter , cystoscopy , or prostate biopsy (removing a piece of tissue to look for cancer) Men age 50 or older who have an enlarged prostate have a higher risk for prostatitis. The prostate gland may become blocked. This makes it easier for bacteria to grow. Symptoms of chronic prostatitis can be similar to symptoms of an enlarged prostate gland.Symptoms can start quickly, and can include: Chills Fever Flushing of the skin Lower stomach tenderness Body aches Symptoms of chronic prostatitis are similar, but not as severe. They often begin more slowly. Some people have no symptoms between episodes of prostatitis. Urinary symptoms include: Blood in the urine Burning or pain with urination Difficulty starting to urinate or emptying the bladder Foul-smelling urine Weak urine stream Other symptoms that may occur with this condition: Pain or aching in the abdomen above the pubic bone, in the lower back, in the area between the genitals and anus, or in the testicles Pain with ejaculation or blood in the semen Pain with bowel movements If prostatitis occurs with an infection in or around the testicles ( epididymitis or orchitis ), you may also have symptoms of that condition.During a physical exam, your health care provider may find: Enlarged or tender lymph nodes in your groin Fluid released from your urethra Swollen or tender scrotum The provider may perform a digital rectal exam to examine your prostate. During this exam, the provider inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into your rectum. The exam should be done very gently to reduce the risk of spreading bacteria into the blood stream. The exam may reveal that the prostate is: Large and soft (with a chronic prostate infection) Swollen, or tender (with an acute prostate infection) Urine samples may be collected for urinalysis and urine culture. Prostatitis may affect the results of the prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ), a blood test to screen for prostate cancer.Antibiotics are often used to treat prostate infections. For acute prostatitis, you will take antibiotics for 2 to 6 weeks. For chronic prostatitis, you will take antibiotics for at least 2 to 6 weeks. Because the infection can come back, you may need to take medicine for up to 12 weeks. Often, the infection will not go away, even after taking antibiotics for a long time. Your symptoms may come back when you stop the medicine. If your swollen prostate gland makes it hard to empty your bladder, you may need a tube to empty it. The tube may be inserted through your abdomen ( suprapubic catheter ) or through your penis (indwelling catheter). To care for prostatitis at home : Urinate often and completely. Take warm baths to relieve pain. Take stool softeners to make bowel movements more comfortable. Avoid substances that irritate your bladder, such as alcohol, caffeinated foods and drinks, citrus juices, and hot or spicy foods. Drink more fluid (64 to 128 ounces or 2 to 4 liters per day) to urinate often and help flush bacteria out of your bladder. Get checked by your provider after you finish taking your antibiotic treatment to make sure the infection is gone.Acute prostatitis should go away with medicine and minor changes to your diet and behavior. It may come back or turn into chronic prostatitis.Complications may include: Abscess Inability to urinate (urinary retention) Spread of bacteria from the prostate to the bloodstream ( sepsis ) Chronic pain or discomfort Inability to have sex (sexual dysfunction).Call your provider if you have symptoms of prostatitis.Not all types of prostatitis can be prevented. Practice safe sex behaviors.Chronic prostatitis - bacterial; Acute prostatitis.Male reproductive anatomy Male reproductive anatomy.Ferri FF. Prostatitis.Encyclopedia Entry for Prostatitis :Prostatitis - nonbacterial. Possible causes of nonbacterial prostatitis include: A past bacterial prostatitis infection Bicycle riding Less common types of bacteria Irritation caused by a backup of urine flowing into the prostate Irritation from chemicals Nerve problem involving the lower urinary tract Parasites Pelvic floor muscle problem Sexual abuse Viruses Life stresses and emotional factors may play a part in the problem. Most men with chronic prostatitis have the nonbacterial form.Symptoms may include: Blood in the semen Blood in the urine Pain in the genital area and lower back Pain with bowel movements Pain with ejaculation Problems with urinating.Most of the time, a physical exam is normal. However, the prostate may be swollen or tender. Urine tests may show white or red blood cells in the urine. A semen culture may show a higher number of white blood cells and low sperm count with poor movement. Urine culture or culture from the prostate does not show bacteria.Treatment for nonbacterial prostatitis is difficult. The problem is hard to cure, so the goal is to control symptoms. Several types of medicines may be used to treat the condition. These include: Long-term antibiotics to make sure that the prostatitis is not caused by bacteria. However, people who are not helped by antibiotics should stop taking these medicines. Drugs called alpha-adrenergic blockers help relax the muscles of the prostate gland. It often takes about 6 weeks before these medicines start working. Many people do not get relief from these medicines. Aspirin, ibuprofen, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which may relieve symptoms for some men. Muscle relaxers like diazepam or cyclobenzaprine can help to reduce spasms in the pelvic floor. Some people have found some relief from pollen extract (Cernitin) and allopurinol. But research does not confirm their benefit. Stool softeners may help reduce discomfort with bowel movements. Surgery, called transurethral resection of the prostate , may be done in rare cases if medicine does not help. In most cases, this surgery is not done on younger men. It may cause retrograde ejaculation. This can lead to sterility, impotence , and incontinence. Other treatments that may be tried include: Warm baths to ease some of the pain Prostate massage, acupuncture, and relaxation exercises Dietary changes to avoid bladder and urinary tract irritants Pelvic floor physical therapy .Many people respond to treatment. However, others do not get relief, even after trying many things. Symptoms often come back and may not be treatable.Untreated symptoms of nonbacterial prostatitis may lead to sexual and urinary problems. These problems can affect your lifestyle and emotional well-being.Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of prostatitis.NBP; Prostatodynia; Pelvic pain syndrome; CPPS; Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis; Chronic genitourinary pain.Male reproductive anatomy Male reproductive anatomy.Carter C. Urinary tract disorders.Encyclopedia Entry for Prostatitis :Prostatitis. Inflammation of prostate. Can be caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis.Information from Marcello Allegretti.