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Yellow Fever

Severe viral infection which can damage the liver, kidneys, heart, and entire GI tract.Encyclopedia Entry for Yellow Fever :Yellow fever, Jungle yellow fever, Sylvatic yellow fever, Urban yellow fever, Vomito negro, Yellow Jack, Yellow fever virus- Flaviviridae, FlavivirusEncyclopedia Entry for Yellow Fever :Yellow fever. Yellow fever is caused by a virus carried by mosquitoes. You can develop this disease if you are bitten by a mosquito infected with this virus. This disease is common in South America and in sub-Saharan Africa. Anyone can get yellow fever, but older people have a higher risk of severe infection. If a person is bitten by an infected mosquito, symptoms usually develop 3 to 6 days later.Yellow fever has 3 stages: Stage 1 (infection): Headache, muscle and joint aches, fever, flushing, loss of appetite, vomiting, and jaundice are common. Symptoms often go away briefly after about 3 to 4 days. Stage 2 (remission): Fever and other symptoms go away. Most people will recover at this stage, but others may get worse within 24 hours. Stage 3 (intoxication): Problems with many organs may occur, including the heart, liver, and kidney. Bleeding disorders, seizures, coma, and delirium may also occur. Symptoms may include: Fever, headache, muscle aches Nausea and vomiting, possibly vomiting blood Red eyes , face, tongue Yellow skin and eyes (jaundice) Decreased urination Delirium Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) Bleeding (may progress to hemorrhage) Seizures Coma.The health care provider will perform a physical examination and order blood tests. These blood tests may show liver and kidney failure and evidence of shock. It is important to tell your provider if you have traveled to areas where the disease is known to thrive. Blood tests can confirm the diagnosis.There is no specific treatment for yellow fever. Treatment for symptoms can include: Blood products for severe bleeding Dialysis for kidney failure Fluids through a vein (intravenous fluids).Yellow fever can cause severe problems, including internal bleeding. Death is possible.Complications that may result include: Coma Death Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Kidney failure Liver failure Salivary gland infection ( parotitis ) Secondary bacterial infections Shock.See a provider at least 10 to 14 days before traveling to an area where yellow fever is common to find out whether you should be vaccinated against the disease. Tell your provider right away if you or your child develops fever, headache, muscle aches, vomiting, or jaundice, especially if you have traveled to an area where yellow fever is common.There is an effective vaccine against yellow fever. Ask your provider at least 10 to 14 days before traveling if you should be vaccinated against yellow fever. Some countries require proof of vaccination to gain entry. If you will be traveling to an area where yellow fever is common: Sleep in screened housing Use mosquito repellents Wear clothing that fully covers your body.Tropical hemorrhagic fever caused by yellow fever virus.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Yellow fever. www.cdc.gov/yellowfever. Updated July 12, 2016. Accessed February 15, 2017. Kivlehan SM, Villar J, Kanzaria HK. Mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases.Encyclopedia Entry for Yellow Fever :Yellow fever virus. Flavivirus. Human, monkeys, mosquitoes. Zoonosis, arthropod bite. Associated with Hemorrhagic feverEncyclopedia Entry for Yellow Fever :Yellow Fever: Yellow fever causes an estimated 30,000 deaths each year, out of 200,000 cases. The disease has two phases. In the 'acute phase,' symptoms include fever, muscle pain, headache, shivers, appetite loss, nausea, and vomiting. This lasts for 3-4 days, after which most patients recover. But 15% will enter the 'toxic phase,' in which fever reappears, along with other symptoms, including jaundice; abdominal pain; vomiting; bleeding from the mouth, nose, eyes, and stomach; and deterioration of kidney function (sometimes complete kidney failure). Half of all patients in the toxic phase die within two weeks; the other half recover.Encyclopedia Entry for Yellow Fever :Yellow fever virus. Flavivirus. Human, monkeys, mosquitoes. Zoonosis, arthropod bite. Associated with Hemorrhagic feverEncyclopedia Entry for Yellow Fever :Yellow fever. Source of disease: Yellow fever virus